Hot-water heater



E. w. MAGEE. l

H01 WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30| 1918.

1 ,328,682. Patented Jan. 20, 1920.

irai) STATES rnrnivr onirica;

FREDERICK WILLIAM MAGEE, OIEy LONDON, NIARIO, CANADA, ASSIGNOROF ONE- i HALF` TO THOMAS WILLIAM BAKER, OE LONDON, ONTARIO, CANADA.

Hor-WATER HEATER Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan,20, 1920,

Application sied March so, 191s. serial No. 225,793.

To all vwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK'W'ILLIAM,

MAGEE, of the city of London, in the county of Middlesex, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and use` ful Improvements in Hot-Water' Heaters, of which the following is the specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hot water heaters and the object kof the invention is to provide an inexpensive, dui-af ble and eilicient heater which maybe readily installed with a minimum amount of labor at any height desired and vwith aminimum charge pipe, in which means are provided for preventing the gas becoming surcharged with moisture thus decreasing its efficiency immediately it leaves the burner, in which thewater is inelv divided .and distributed in film like form over the heated surfaces and dry gas brought into contact therewith, in which the equal distribution of water feed il-,hrougnv `thehead is unaifected by the heater not ybeing set vertical, in which the accumulation of gas within the heater is avoided and the consequent explosion thereof, in which there is a` free outlet for expansion of exploding gases, in which there is a free circulation of the generated heat, in which there are no exterior heated parts liable to injurewoodwork or any person coming in contact therewith, in which the water discharge may be adjusted annularly so as to extend from any position fromthe bottom of the heater and in which excessivev draft is avoided liable to suck out the pilot light and it consists essentially of the fol-` lowing arrangemendc,V and construction of parts as hereinafter more particularly explained.

Figure l is a my heater.

Fig. 2, is a verticalsection.

Fig. 3, is an enlarged perspective detail of the head of the heater on which the condensing apparatus is supported.

a, is a perspective detail of the conical dcfiecting plate.

general perspective view of located a valve controlled by a stem 5.

Fig. 5, is a perspective detail of the cen tral pan' supported 'beneath the central oriiice. ofthe deliecting plate shown in Fig. 4:.

Fig. 6,'is an annular pan von which the pan shown in Fig. 5 is centrally supported .and from which the water dischargepipe extends.

In the drawings like letters of 'reference indicate correspondingparts inthe various figures.

4l indicates the gas inlet pipe by kwhich `the main weight of the heater is carried. l The lower end of the' pipe` 1. is connected to a suitable floor bracket or elbow 2 through which the pipe l is connected to the supply pipe.` 3 indicates a wall bracketrprovided with al bracket portion 3x having a right angular orifice l3 into the `lower' arm of which the lower end of the pipe *l is secured. 4 indicates the water inlet pipe ywhich is connected at its upper end by an elbow et* to a forwardly extending pipev il. 42 indicates an elbow, to one horizontal arm of which the opposite end of the pipe 4 is cured. The elbow 42 is provided with` an' upwardly extendingarme:3 connected; by a pipe 44 to a valve casing 45 in which is liti indicates a pipe leading rearwardly from the valve casing 45 and connected by anelbow 47 and union joint is to a vertical pipe e9.

lX indicates a pipe leading forwardly from theibracket 3X, one end of such pipe being secured in the other `arm of the right angular orifice 3 hereinbefore described.`y 6indicates a valve casing provided with a valve controlled by a' valve stem 6"; lg indicates a tie barv connecting the pipes 1X! and 4 together-` 6 indicates anelbow connected to tlriefvalve casing 6, one horizontal arm of which -is secured to the outer` end vof the pipe l, the other horizontal arm being conse-y nected by a screw plug 62 to the .opposing justable mechanism 9 and 10 for controlling the water and gas supply which I will not describe in detail as it forms the subject matter of ka separate and copending applica# the pan.

tion, other than to say that the apparatus 10 comprises a disk 1()X having an arc-shaped cut out portion 10 and the apparatus 9 comprises a complete disk 9X carried by the stem 5 having a lever extension 9f having an arc-shaped head engaging the arc-shaped recess 10 thereby rendering it impossible to swing' the lever 7 controlling the gas supply without iirst swinging'l the lever 8 con trolling the water supply whereby it is insur d that the water is lirst admitted to the heater beiore the gas supply is turned on. l

63 indicates a `pipe extending upwardly from the valve casing 6. 12 indicates the gas burners which are supplied with gas from the pipe 6g. 13 indicates a supporting' spider provided with a central hub '13X which is secured to the pipe 63 and an annular outer riin 13. i

14 indicates `an 'intermediate cylindrical casing, which is suitably secured at its lower end to the rin'i 13. 15 indicates the upper head of the heater, which lits within the upper end of the intermediate casing- 111. The casing` 14 is provided intermediately ot its height with a bead 14X. 15*- indicates an annular flange extending` downwardly -from the head 15 in proximity to its outer periphery.

1'6 indicates an annular pan, which lits within the casing 14c and rests at its outer edge upon the bead 11F, the outer wall 16 of the pan 16 fitting against the interior icace ot the wall oli' the casing 111. rl`he inner wall is iornied by an annular flange 16 extending upwardly around the central orilice 162.

' 163 indicates a waterdischarge pipe extending downwardly from the par. and through opening-s between the s..nis the spider member 18.

It will be understood that the pan 16 i'its freely within the casing 14 so that it can be turned circumferentially to any position desired when the apparatus is beine; set up so that the position of the pipo 163 may be adjusted to suit the requirement of the particular location `in which the heater set up. l

, ported upon tubular legs 17X, which rest upon the bottoni oit' the annular pan' 1G around the exterior ot the inner wall or Harige 16. The upper ends of the tubular legs 17X project upwardly into the par 17 at 17 thereby providingthat there is always a film of water over the surilface oi" `The tubular legs 17X are cut of? at an incline at 172 whereby the :Elow ot water passing down such'tubular lee-s is directed radially outward therefrom.

I vwill now describe the head 15 in detail as shown particularly in Fig'. 3.

The head 15 is provided with an annular outer flange or wall 15' and a central 152. 153 indicates a series of orifices formed Leganes in the bottom of the head 15 and in which l `ing above the bottom of the pan is provided with a perforation or perforations 155 in proximity to the bottoni of the head. All the perforations lare equal or of less capacity than the inlet 410. lit will thus be seen that iic the heater is not set quite vertical that the water fed into the head will rise around the upper ends of the'tube until all the perforations are beneath the water level. Any overflow passes through the upper ends oli' the tubes. 156 indicates a circulardeliecting plate secured to and carried by the Stern 152.

18 indicates an inner casing, which lits at its upper end around the exterior or' the depending liange 15X oi the head 15. The

lower end of the casing 18 lits within the annular outer wall or flange 16`^l of the pan 16 thereby providing an intermediate dead` airspace between the casing; 18 and the intermediate casing 14. lnterinediately ot its height and fabove the level of the central nular bead formed in the cylinder 21. 22X indicates a horizontal circular partition,

which lits rwithin the casing 20- Vand rests upon the annular bead 22. The partition 22X is provided with a central orifice 22 provid-ed with surrounding upwardly eX- tending' flange 222. 223 indicates a chimney,` which lits around the flange 222 and extends upwardly therefrom and iforins a discharge for waste gases.

Q24 indicates cover vfor the casing 21, such cover being provided with a central oriiice 225 through which the chimneyv E223 extends. The partition 22X is provided with a'series of orices 226. 22T indicate nipples depending through such oritcesh the majority ot the nipples preferably extend ing` slightly upward above. the upper race of the partition Q2". One or two of them, however, are made substantially l'lush with such upper tace so as to permit of the coinplete draining` of the water 'from above the partition when the water supply is cut oil.

The lower ends of the 'nipples 227 are preferably provided with inwardly turned elbow portions 228. i

2t indicates an outer casing, which is supported by brackets 24X upon the Lipper edge of the intermediate casing` 1st. The casing 21 ydepends downwardly free of the outer face of the wall of the intermediate casing ll thereby j orovidingr for an air space allowing for free circulation of cool air upwardly between the outer and intermediate casings and thereby keeping the outer casing cool so as to protect surrounding woodwork or any person coni-ing in contact therewith from being burned.

25 indicates a branch pipe, which extends from the main pas supply pipe and is provided with an elbow 26 from which extends a pipe 27, the upper end of which extends into close proximity to the heads of the burners 12. lt will be seen that the pipe supplying the pipe 27 extends from the gas supply pipe at a point before the gas supply reaches the controlling valve 6 and, therefore, a constant supply of gas is supplied to the pipe 27. will be seen from the drawing this pipe is a very sinall pipe and is provided with a suitable controlling valve at 27X so as to just supply sufhcient gas to forni a sinall pilot light, which is constantly lrept lighted. y

Beneath the valve 27 a pipe 28 is branched oil freni the pipe 27. 29 indicates an orifice, which extends through the outer' and intermediate casings 2d and 1d respectively. j upward extension 30 provided with a controlling valve 31 and terminating in a pilot burner 32, which is designed to be lighted by the operator. The burner 32, when lighted, projects a tlanie radially into the heater thereby serving to lightI the burners 12. The inner pilot formed by the pipe 27 as has been before stated is 'kept constantly lighted and serves to burn up any gases which tend to accumulate within the heater and which, if allowed to accumulate, would provide an. explosive mixture which would violently explode when the outer pilot light 32 lighted. By providing;- the inner pilot this is obviated. c

lt is not always necessary to light the outer pilot, the burners being;` lighted from the inner pilot immediately the is turned on but if the inner pilot should ,gro out or it is found necessary the outer pilot could be lighted so as to light the burners and at the saine time re-light the inner pilot.

li-0 indirates the water inlet to the condensing' casing 20. L11 indicates an elbow connection between the upper end of the pipe el and the inlet 110.

hen it is desired to heat the water the lever 8 is swung down thereby carrying the The pipe 28 is provided with anaro-shaped extension.. 9 thereof .upward clear of the arc-shaped recessy 10 of the disk 10X and thereby freeing the lever 7 operating the gas supply valve. The lever 7' is then sprung` u ward so as to admit a supply yof gas whicipasses up through the iipe 1, through the pipe l, valve 6, to the pipe o and upwardly into the burner, the

burner being lighted by means of the pilot light supplied by the pipe 27 hereinbefore described. Water passes upwardly through the pipe et and through the valve e5, pipe 46 pipe d and inlet llo into'the top portion of the condenser E20 flowing over the outer surface of the partition 22X. |llhe water so supplied iiows down the nipples 227 into the lower portion of the condenser. Ars has been before described the rnajority of the nipples 22T, extend upward above the upper surface of the partition22x and as the vcapacity of the nipples which are flush with the upper surface of the partition 224c is slightly less than the capacity of ythe supply pipe 4i a thin flln'i of cool water is conf` stantly kept within the upper portion of the condenser covering the upper face of the partition or plate 22X thereby forming a. cooling surface against which hot gases are `protected `as hereinafter described.

The water passes down through the nipples 227 and is received upon the upper face of the head 15 and Hows around the upwardly projecting ends of the pipes 154. llfater so supplied passes through the perforations 155 into the interior of the tubes and trilfrlrles down such tubes into the interior of the casingli. The tubes, which are in proximity to the inner periphery of the casing', are located above the conical deflectinp; plate 19 and, therefore, the water passino; through the perforations 155 of suchv tubes is received by such deflecting plate and is deflectedl radially outward against the interior face of the casinglS and then passes down through the notches 19 and continues to flow down' the inner face of the casing 18 into the annular pan 16. which suppliesthe water discharge pipe 163. The water which passes down the perforations 155 of the central tube 154 passes through the central orice 19X of the dellectinggl plate 19 and is received by the central pan 17. i

eis has been before described the tubular l around the pan through the central orifice 19X of the dellecting plate 19. F rom thence it spreads radially upwardly and passes upwardly throl'sgh the tubes 154 into the Ycondenser.- the hot :eases passing through the outer tubes passing directly upward into Contact with the cooling` surface toi-ined by the partition 22X, and the hot zrases passing;

through the central tubes being: deflected by the deflecting plate 156 and deflected outwardly aginst the lower tace of the plate 22X. By this means any moisture which is contained in the gas is condensed therefrom, the condensations passing down int the water contained above the level of the head 15,

It will. ot course, be understood that the level of the water in the head is always above the level of the lower ends or mouths of the elbows 22S thereby preventing?,` hot gases passing therethrough.

After moisture is condensed from the waste gases they upward through the stack or chimney :423. By this construction it will be seen that the water llow is divided so that a portion of it .is deflected outwardly from the center so as to pass vertically in thin streams down within the interior et the heater over the heated wall surface. the small portion constituting the remainder passing directly down through the center on to the pan 17 forming a thin iln'i thereon. The pan forms another heated surface over which the water is lied.l such water passing down through the legs 17X into the pan 16 thereby allowing the hot gas to pass upward out ot contact with the heater and in a dry state into the main portion or' the heater so as to maintain there a maximum eiiciency. By this means the water How is broken up and the hot gases passing upward pass between such inner and outer flows and thereby come into intimate contact therewith to raise the temperature thereof, the gases irst slriling the lower tace of the central pan 17 passing upwardly between the inner and outer flows.) then through the central orilice oli the deflectingplate 19 and then against the lower tace of the head 15 so as to raise the temperaturev of the water carried thereby and through the tubes 154 which are also in contact with such. water and through which such water trickles, the discharged gases passing; through the head being); condensed as, above descrioed and passing; outwardly through the chimney 29,3. cry this means it will be seen that the temperature oi the water may be very quickly raised to any temperature desired within any necessary liniit7 such temperature being controlled by the rate of flow of the water through the heater, such flow being controlled by any suitable means. l

By means of the tubes 151L in the head 15 the outlet lof draft is distributed thereby preventing the sucking' out of the inner pilot light due to direct suction to the chimney.' e

Such a heater as l hare described also may be very quickly installed with a minimum amount of labor, the whole weight of the heater being carried by the gas supply pipeconnected with the floor and, therefore, the height or the heater may be very readily adjusted, when such heater is being' installed'ior in order to do this all that it is necessary to do is to cut the gas supply pipe to the requi length ln such a heater as l have described also any danger of and consequent dangerous explosion 1s avoided, in which there is a `tree outlet igor the expansion oi ases due to back tire eX- plosion when lighting the burners. Also in this :Ecriny ot heater there are no exterior heated parts liable to be injurious.

l have also provided in this form oi heater simple means whereby the water discharge pipe may be adjusted annularly to any position desired to suit the location in which the heater is placed and mainly 1 have provided means whereby the water flow is broken up to maximum extent so as to be brought 'into intimate contact with the hot gases which pass up through the heater thereby enabling` the water to be raised very quickly to the desired temperature and to a higher te ierature than has hitherto been found possible so far as I am aware.

Also by providing a condensing apparatus between the head of the heater and the chimney outlet l prevent the condensations formingv in the chimney which creates rust which. is carried back into the heater diseoloringf vthe water, such condensations leaking also through the joints of the chimney pipe outlet staining the exterior thereof and dropping on to the door. @wing to this detrimental effect it has been impractical to raise water to a comparatively high temperature producing steam. By my apparatus l am enabled to raise the temperature to any desired degree and yet obviate this defect.

What l claim as my invention is.

1. In an instantaneous heater, the combination with the cylindrical casing and the water supply pipe7 oit means at the upper end of the casing :tor breaking up and distributing the flow into ine streams of falling water, an annular conical member n fitting' the casing and having peripheral streams, a gas burner at the lower end of the heater, and means for distributing the hot gases against the lower face of thecentral water receiving means to pass upward between the central and outer receiving means and through the water distributing means to a suitable outlet.

An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing into which the water supply is discharged, a multiplicity of nipple tubes carried by and arranged evenly throughout the whole surface of' the head and passing through the bottom of the dished head and projecting above and below such surface and having perforations in the upwardly projecting portion in proximity to the head.

3. An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing into which the water supply lis discharged, a series of tubes passing through the bottom of the dished head and projecting above and below and having perforations in the upwardly projecting portion in proximity to the head, means for receivingthe water passing through the perforations and through the tubes, a discharge pipe leading 'from such receiving means, gas supply pipe, a burner located at the lower end of the heater and adapted to provide a circulation of heat upward through the tubes of the head, and means interposed between the tubes of the head and the water receiving` means for deflecting the water flow so that a portion is carried into contact with the wall of the casing to pass downwardly thereagainst and a portion to pass centrally to the water receiving means.

4. An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing into which the water supply is discharged, a series of tubes passing through the bottom of the dished head and projecting` above and below and having perforations in the upwardly projecting portion in proximity to the head, means for receiving water passing through the perforations and through the tubes, a discharge pipe leading from such receiving means, a gas supply pipe, a burner located at the lower end of the heater and adapted to provide a circulation of heat upward through the tubes of the head, a. conical plate having a central orifice, and peripheral edge notches located within the casing intermediately between the tubes of the head and the water receiving means.

5. An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing having orifices, vertical tubes secured within such orifices so as to project above and below the head and having perforations in the upwardly projecting portions thereof in proximity to the head, an annular water receiving pan located below the head, a conical deflecting plate having a central orifice and peripheral notches located between the head and the receiving pan, and a central pan located beneath the orifice ot the conical deflecting plate and the central oriiice of the annular receiving pan.

6. An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing having orifices, vertical tubes secured within such orifices so as to project above and below the head and having perforations in the upwardlj.v proj ecting portions thereof in proximity to the head,'an annular 'water receiving pan located vbe-low the head, a conicalV deflecting plate having central oriice and peripheral notches located between the head and the receiving pan, a central pan located beneath the oriice of the conical deiecting plate and the central orilice of the annular receiving pan, and tubularlegs supporting such central pan within the annular pan.

7. An instantaneous heater comprising a cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing having orifices, vertical tubes secured within such orifices so as to project above and below the head and having perforations in the upwardly proj ecting portions thereof in proximity to the head, an annular water receiving pan located below the head, a conical deflecting plate having a central orifice and peripheral notches located between the head and the receiving pan, a central pan located beneath the orice of the conical deflecting plate and the central orifice of the annular receiving pan, and tubular legs having their lower ends out o at an incline supporting suoli central pan within the annular pan.`

8. An instantaneous heater comprising a` cylindrical casing, a dished head at the upper end of the casing having orifices, vertical tubes secured within such orifices so as tov project above and below the head and having perforations in the upwardly projecting portions thereof in proximity to the head, an annular water receiving pan located below the head, a conical deflecting plate having a central orifice and peripheral notches located between the head and the receiving pan, a central pan located beneath the oriiice of the conical deflecting plate and the central orifice of the annular receiving pan, and tubular legs having their upper ends projecting upwardly into the 9. An instantaneous heater comprising an outer cylindrical casing having an open lower end, a dished head at the upper end adapted to receive the water supply, an annular water receiving pan supported in the cylindrical casing intermediately of its height, an inner cylinder extending between the head and the pan and spaced apart trom the outer cylindrical casing, a water discharge pipe leading from the annular pan, a burner located in the open lower 'end ott the casing, and a gas supply pipe therefor. l0. An instantaneous heater comprising an outer cylindrical casing having an open lower end, a dished head at trie upper end adapted to receive the wateil supply, an annular receiving supported in the cylindrical casing intermediately oi its height, an inner cylinder extending between the head and the pan and spaced apart from. the outer cylindrical casing, a water discharge pipe leading from the annular pan, a burner located in the open lower end of the casing, a gas supply pipe therefor, an outer casing supported freely upon the aforesaid casing and spaced therefrom and forming an annular air duct extending upwardly around the casing ot the heater.

ll. In an instantaneous heater, the combination with the casing and means 'tor supplying water to and discharging the gas from the heater, of means tor forming such water supply into fine falling streams distributed over the area ot the casing, means 'for directing the outermost streams against t ie casing wall, annular water receiving means fitting the casing located below the directing means, a central water receiving means spaced between the directing means and the annular water receiving means and designed to receive the water directly from the distributing` means to form it into a film and teed the water so formed into the annular water receiving means, and a gas burner located below the annular water receiving means whereby the gas passes upward between the central and annular water receiving means and then between the central receiving means and the casing, then between the central receiving means and the water directing means to the gas discharge.

12. In .an instantaneous heater, the combination with the casing and means for supplying water to and discharging it Jfrom the heater, et means ior forming such supply into iine falling streams of water distributed over the area ot the casing, means .tor directing the outermost streams against the inner Lacc o'f the wall of thecasing, anu mil-ar v-yater receiving means located beneath the directing means and litting the casing, a ii^lied receptacle provided with tubular le;3 entending through the bottom oi the receptacle and protruding from above and resting at their lower ends upon the annular water receiving means, such lower ends being so Vformed as to allow ot the tree outlet oi water therefrom,y a gas burner locate liciow the water receiving n'zeans whereby the gases pass upwardly against the lower tace ot the central water receiving means, around the same and through the center oit' the water directing means to the exhaust.

13. ln an instantaneous heater, the com-y bination with the heater casing, a head therefor having a common passage :tor the discharge of gas, an inlet for water to the heater and the gas discharge chimney, of a condenser having an annular surface eX- tending around the chimney opening, and a dislr located beneath such opening and spaced therefrom to deflect the central portion oit the gas rlow against the condensing surface to pass therefrom to the chimney opening.

14. ln an instantaneous heater, cylindrical casing, a head 'for the upper end ot the casing having a multiplicity of water inlets distributed therein, a conical plate having a center orifice and peripheral edge notches supported within the casing, a pan located beneath the central orifice, a tubular support tor the pan and a water receiver adapted to receive the water passing from the notches ot' the conical plate and through the tubular legs.

FREDERlCK vVlLLlAh/l- MAGEE. 1Witnesses:

GRACE B. SMITH, W. G. R. BARTRAM. 

